AWS CLI Command Reference

[ aws . route53 ]

change-resource-record-sets

Description

Creates, changes, or deletes a resource record set, which contains authoritative DNS information for a specified domain name or subdomain name. For example, you can use ChangeResourceRecordSets to create a resource record set that routes traffic for test.example.com to a web server that has an IP address of 192.0.2.44.

Deleting Resource Record Sets

To delete a resource record set, you must specify all the same values that you specified when you created it.

Change Batches and Transactional Changes

The request body must include a document with a ChangeResourceRecordSetsRequest element. The request body contains a list of change items, known as a change batch. Change batches are considered transactional changes. Route 53 validates the changes in the request and then either makes all or none of the changes in the change batch request. This ensures that DNS routing isn’t adversely affected by partial changes to the resource record sets in a hosted zone.

For example, suppose a change batch request contains two changes: it deletes the CNAME resource record set for www.example.com and creates an alias resource record set for www.example.com. If validation for both records succeeds, Route 53 deletes the first resource record set and creates the second resource record set in a single operation. If validation for either the DELETE or the CREATE action fails, then the request is canceled, and the original CNAME record continues to exist.

Note

If you try to delete the same resource record set more than once in a single change batch, Route 53 returns an InvalidChangeBatch error.

Traffic Flow

To create resource record sets for complex routing configurations, use either the traffic flow visual editor in the Route 53 console or the API actions for traffic policies and traffic policy instances. Save the configuration as a traffic policy, then associate the traffic policy with one or more domain names (such as example.com) or subdomain names (such as www.example.com), in the same hosted zone or in multiple hosted zones. You can roll back the updates if the new configuration isn’t performing as expected. For more information, see Using Traffic Flow to Route DNS Traffic in the Amazon Route 53 Developer Guide .

Create, Delete, and Upsert

Use ChangeResourceRecordsSetsRequest to perform the following actions:

  • CREATE : Creates a resource record set that has the specified values.

  • DELETE : Deletes an existing resource record set that has the specified values.

  • UPSERT : If a resource record set does not already exist, Amazon Web Services creates it. If a resource set does exist, Route 53 updates it with the values in the request.

Syntaxes for Creating, Updating, and Deleting Resource Record Sets

The syntax for a request depends on the type of resource record set that you want to create, delete, or update, such as weighted, alias, or failover. The XML elements in your request must appear in the order listed in the syntax.

For an example for each type of resource record set, see “Examples.”

Don’t refer to the syntax in the “Parameter Syntax” section, which includes all of the elements for every kind of resource record set that you can create, delete, or update by using ChangeResourceRecordSets .

Change Propagation to Route 53 DNS Servers

When you submit a ChangeResourceRecordSets request, Route 53 propagates your changes to all of the Route 53 authoritative DNS servers. While your changes are propagating, GetChange returns a status of PENDING . When propagation is complete, GetChange returns a status of INSYNC . Changes generally propagate to all Route 53 name servers within 60 seconds. For more information, see GetChange .

Limits on ChangeResourceRecordSets Requests

For information about the limits on a ChangeResourceRecordSets request, see Limits in the Amazon Route 53 Developer Guide .

See also: AWS API Documentation

See ‘aws help’ for descriptions of global parameters.

Synopsis

  change-resource-record-sets
--hosted-zone-id <value>
--change-batch <value>
[--cli-input-json | --cli-input-yaml]
[--generate-cli-skeleton <value>]

Options

--hosted-zone-id (string)

The ID of the hosted zone that contains the resource record sets that you want to change.

--change-batch (structure)

A complex type that contains an optional comment and the Changes element.

Comment -> (string)

Optional: Any comments you want to include about a change batch request.

Changes -> (list)

Information about the changes to make to the record sets.

(structure)

The information for each resource record set that you want to change.

Action -> (string)

The action to perform:

  • CREATE : Creates a resource record set that has the specified values.

  • DELETE : Deletes a existing resource record set.

Warning

To delete the resource record set that is associated with a traffic policy instance, use DeleteTrafficPolicyInstance . Amazon Route 53 will delete the resource record set automatically. If you delete the resource record set by using ChangeResourceRecordSets , Route 53 doesn’t automatically delete the traffic policy instance, and you’ll continue to be charged for it even though it’s no longer in use.

  • UPSERT : If a resource record set doesn’t already exist, Route 53 creates it. If a resource record set does exist, Route 53 updates it with the values in the request.

ResourceRecordSet -> (structure)

Information about the resource record set to create, delete, or update.

Name -> (string)

For ChangeResourceRecordSets requests, the name of the record that you want to create, update, or delete. For ListResourceRecordSets responses, the name of a record in the specified hosted zone.

ChangeResourceRecordSets Only

Enter a fully qualified domain name, for example, www.example.com . You can optionally include a trailing dot. If you omit the trailing dot, Amazon Route 53 assumes that the domain name that you specify is fully qualified. This means that Route 53 treats www.example.com (without a trailing dot) and www.example.com. (with a trailing dot) as identical.

For information about how to specify characters other than a-z , 0-9 , and - (hyphen) and how to specify internationalized domain names, see DNS Domain Name Format in the Amazon Route 53 Developer Guide .

You can use the asterisk (*) wildcard to replace the leftmost label in a domain name, for example, *.example.com . Note the following:

  • The * must replace the entire label. For example, you can’t specify *prod.example.com or prod*.example.com .

  • The * can’t replace any of the middle labels, for example, marketing.*.example.com.

  • If you include * in any position other than the leftmost label in a domain name, DNS treats it as an * character (ASCII 42), not as a wildcard.

Warning

You can’t use the * wildcard for resource records sets that have a type of NS.

You can use the * wildcard as the leftmost label in a domain name, for example, *.example.com . You can’t use an * for one of the middle labels, for example, marketing.*.example.com . In addition, the * must replace the entire label; for example, you can’t specify prod*.example.com .

Type -> (string)

The DNS record type. For information about different record types and how data is encoded for them, see Supported DNS Resource Record Types in the Amazon Route 53 Developer Guide .

Valid values for basic resource record sets: A | AAAA | CAA | CNAME | DS |MX | NAPTR | NS | PTR | SOA | SPF | SRV | TXT

Values for weighted, latency, geolocation, and failover resource record sets: A | AAAA | CAA | CNAME | MX | NAPTR | PTR | SPF | SRV | TXT . When creating a group of weighted, latency, geolocation, or failover resource record sets, specify the same value for all of the resource record sets in the group.

Valid values for multivalue answer resource record sets: A | AAAA | MX | NAPTR | PTR | SPF | SRV | TXT

Note

SPF records were formerly used to verify the identity of the sender of email messages. However, we no longer recommend that you create resource record sets for which the value of Type is SPF . RFC 7208, Sender Policy Framework (SPF) for Authorizing Use of Domains in Email, Version 1 , has been updated to say, “…[I]ts existence and mechanism defined in [RFC4408] have led to some interoperability issues. Accordingly, its use is no longer appropriate for SPF version 1; implementations are not to use it.” In RFC 7208, see section 14.1, The SPF DNS Record Type .

Values for alias resource record sets:

  • Amazon API Gateway custom regional APIs and edge-optimized APIs: A

  • CloudFront distributions: A If IPv6 is enabled for the distribution, create two resource record sets to route traffic to your distribution, one with a value of A and one with a value of AAAA .

  • Amazon API Gateway environment that has a regionalized subdomain : A

  • ELB load balancers: A | AAAA

  • Amazon S3 buckets: A

  • Amazon Virtual Private Cloud interface VPC endpoints A

  • Another resource record set in this hosted zone: Specify the type of the resource record set that you’re creating the alias for. All values are supported except NS and SOA .

Note

If you’re creating an alias record that has the same name as the hosted zone (known as the zone apex), you can’t route traffic to a record for which the value of Type is CNAME . This is because the alias record must have the same type as the record you’re routing traffic to, and creating a CNAME record for the zone apex isn’t supported even for an alias record.

SetIdentifier -> (string)

Resource record sets that have a routing policy other than simple: An identifier that differentiates among multiple resource record sets that have the same combination of name and type, such as multiple weighted resource record sets named acme.example.com that have a type of A. In a group of resource record sets that have the same name and type, the value of SetIdentifier must be unique for each resource record set.

For information about routing policies, see Choosing a Routing Policy in the Amazon Route 53 Developer Guide .

Weight -> (long)

Weighted resource record sets only: Among resource record sets that have the same combination of DNS name and type, a value that determines the proportion of DNS queries that Amazon Route 53 responds to using the current resource record set. Route 53 calculates the sum of the weights for the resource record sets that have the same combination of DNS name and type. Route 53 then responds to queries based on the ratio of a resource’s weight to the total. Note the following:

  • You must specify a value for the Weight element for every weighted resource record set.

  • You can only specify one ResourceRecord per weighted resource record set.

  • You can’t create latency, failover, or geolocation resource record sets that have the same values for the Name and Type elements as weighted resource record sets.

  • You can create a maximum of 100 weighted resource record sets that have the same values for the Name and Type elements.

  • For weighted (but not weighted alias) resource record sets, if you set Weight to 0 for a resource record set, Route 53 never responds to queries with the applicable value for that resource record set. However, if you set Weight to 0 for all resource record sets that have the same combination of DNS name and type, traffic is routed to all resources with equal probability. The effect of setting Weight to 0 is different when you associate health checks with weighted resource record sets. For more information, see Options for Configuring Route 53 Active-Active and Active-Passive Failover in the Amazon Route 53 Developer Guide .

Region -> (string)

Latency-based resource record sets only: The Amazon EC2 Region where you created the resource that this resource record set refers to. The resource typically is an Amazon Web Services resource, such as an EC2 instance or an ELB load balancer, and is referred to by an IP address or a DNS domain name, depending on the record type.

Note

Although creating latency and latency alias resource record sets in a private hosted zone is allowed, it’s not supported.

When Amazon Route 53 receives a DNS query for a domain name and type for which you have created latency resource record sets, Route 53 selects the latency resource record set that has the lowest latency between the end user and the associated Amazon EC2 Region. Route 53 then returns the value that is associated with the selected resource record set.

Note the following:

  • You can only specify one ResourceRecord per latency resource record set.

  • You can only create one latency resource record set for each Amazon EC2 Region.

  • You aren’t required to create latency resource record sets for all Amazon EC2 Regions. Route 53 will choose the region with the best latency from among the regions that you create latency resource record sets for.

  • You can’t create non-latency resource record sets that have the same values for the Name and Type elements as latency resource record sets.

GeoLocation -> (structure)

Geolocation resource record sets only: A complex type that lets you control how Amazon Route 53 responds to DNS queries based on the geographic origin of the query. For example, if you want all queries from Africa to be routed to a web server with an IP address of 192.0.2.111 , create a resource record set with a Type of A and a ContinentCode of AF .

Note

Although creating geolocation and geolocation alias resource record sets in a private hosted zone is allowed, it’s not supported.

If you create separate resource record sets for overlapping geographic regions (for example, one resource record set for a continent and one for a country on the same continent), priority goes to the smallest geographic region. This allows you to route most queries for a continent to one resource and to route queries for a country on that continent to a different resource.

You can’t create two geolocation resource record sets that specify the same geographic location.

The value * in the CountryCode element matches all geographic locations that aren’t specified in other geolocation resource record sets that have the same values for the Name and Type elements.

Warning

Geolocation works by mapping IP addresses to locations. However, some IP addresses aren’t mapped to geographic locations, so even if you create geolocation resource record sets that cover all seven continents, Route 53 will receive some DNS queries from locations that it can’t identify. We recommend that you create a resource record set for which the value of CountryCode is * . Two groups of queries are routed to the resource that you specify in this record: queries that come from locations for which you haven’t created geolocation resource record sets and queries from IP addresses that aren’t mapped to a location. If you don’t create a * resource record set, Route 53 returns a “no answer” response for queries from those locations.

You can’t create non-geolocation resource record sets that have the same values for the Name and Type elements as geolocation resource record sets.

ContinentCode -> (string)

The two-letter code for the continent.

Amazon Route 53 supports the following continent codes:

  • AF : Africa

  • AN : Antarctica

  • AS : Asia

  • EU : Europe

  • OC : Oceania

  • NA : North America

  • SA : South America

Constraint: Specifying ContinentCode with either CountryCode or SubdivisionCode returns an InvalidInput error.

CountryCode -> (string)

For geolocation resource record sets, the two-letter code for a country.

Amazon Route 53 uses the two-letter country codes that are specified in ISO standard 3166-1 alpha-2 .

SubdivisionCode -> (string)

For geolocation resource record sets, the two-letter code for a state of the United States. Route 53 doesn’t support any other values for SubdivisionCode . For a list of state abbreviations, see Appendix B: Two–Letter State and Possession Abbreviations on the United States Postal Service website.

If you specify subdivisioncode , you must also specify US for CountryCode .

Failover -> (string)

Failover resource record sets only: To configure failover, you add the Failover element to two resource record sets. For one resource record set, you specify PRIMARY as the value for Failover ; for the other resource record set, you specify SECONDARY . In addition, you include the HealthCheckId element and specify the health check that you want Amazon Route 53 to perform for each resource record set.

Except where noted, the following failover behaviors assume that you have included the HealthCheckId element in both resource record sets:

  • When the primary resource record set is healthy, Route 53 responds to DNS queries with the applicable value from the primary resource record set regardless of the health of the secondary resource record set.

  • When the primary resource record set is unhealthy and the secondary resource record set is healthy, Route 53 responds to DNS queries with the applicable value from the secondary resource record set.

  • When the secondary resource record set is unhealthy, Route 53 responds to DNS queries with the applicable value from the primary resource record set regardless of the health of the primary resource record set.

  • If you omit the HealthCheckId element for the secondary resource record set, and if the primary resource record set is unhealthy, Route 53 always responds to DNS queries with the applicable value from the secondary resource record set. This is true regardless of the health of the associated endpoint.

You can’t create non-failover resource record sets that have the same values for the Name and Type elements as failover resource record sets.

For failover alias resource record sets, you must also include the EvaluateTargetHealth element and set the value to true.

For more information about configuring failover for Route 53, see the following topics in the Amazon Route 53 Developer Guide :

MultiValueAnswer -> (boolean)

Multivalue answer resource record sets only : To route traffic approximately randomly to multiple resources, such as web servers, create one multivalue answer record for each resource and specify true for MultiValueAnswer . Note the following:

  • If you associate a health check with a multivalue answer resource record set, Amazon Route 53 responds to DNS queries with the corresponding IP address only when the health check is healthy.

  • If you don’t associate a health check with a multivalue answer record, Route 53 always considers the record to be healthy.

  • Route 53 responds to DNS queries with up to eight healthy records; if you have eight or fewer healthy records, Route 53 responds to all DNS queries with all the healthy records.

  • If you have more than eight healthy records, Route 53 responds to different DNS resolvers with different combinations of healthy records.

  • When all records are unhealthy, Route 53 responds to DNS queries with up to eight unhealthy records.

  • If a resource becomes unavailable after a resolver caches a response, client software typically tries another of the IP addresses in the response.

You can’t create multivalue answer alias records.

TTL -> (long)

The resource record cache time to live (TTL), in seconds. Note the following:

  • If you’re creating or updating an alias resource record set, omit TTL . Amazon Route 53 uses the value of TTL for the alias target.

  • If you’re associating this resource record set with a health check (if you’re adding a HealthCheckId element), we recommend that you specify a TTL of 60 seconds or less so clients respond quickly to changes in health status.

  • All of the resource record sets in a group of weighted resource record sets must have the same value for TTL .

  • If a group of weighted resource record sets includes one or more weighted alias resource record sets for which the alias target is an ELB load balancer, we recommend that you specify a TTL of 60 seconds for all of the non-alias weighted resource record sets that have the same name and type. Values other than 60 seconds (the TTL for load balancers) will change the effect of the values that you specify for Weight .

ResourceRecords -> (list)

Information about the resource records to act upon.

Note

If you’re creating an alias resource record set, omit ResourceRecords .

(structure)

Information specific to the resource record.

Note

If you’re creating an alias resource record set, omit ResourceRecord .

Value -> (string)

The current or new DNS record value, not to exceed 4,000 characters. In the case of a DELETE action, if the current value does not match the actual value, an error is returned. For descriptions about how to format Value for different record types, see Supported DNS Resource Record Types in the Amazon Route 53 Developer Guide .

You can specify more than one value for all record types except CNAME and SOA .

Note

If you’re creating an alias resource record set, omit Value .

AliasTarget -> (structure)

Alias resource record sets only: Information about the Amazon Web Services resource, such as a CloudFront distribution or an Amazon S3 bucket, that you want to route traffic to.

If you’re creating resource records sets for a private hosted zone, note the following:

  • You can’t create an alias resource record set in a private hosted zone to route traffic to a CloudFront distribution.

  • Creating geolocation alias resource record sets or latency alias resource record sets in a private hosted zone is unsupported.

  • For information about creating failover resource record sets in a private hosted zone, see Configuring Failover in a Private Hosted Zone in the Amazon Route 53 Developer Guide .

HostedZoneId -> (string)

Alias resource records sets only : The value used depends on where you want to route traffic:

Amazon API Gateway custom regional APIs and edge-optimized APIs

Specify the hosted zone ID for your API. You can get the applicable value using the CLI command get-domain-names :

  • For regional APIs, specify the value of regionalHostedZoneId .

  • For edge-optimized APIs, specify the value of distributionHostedZoneId .

    Amazon Virtual Private Cloud interface VPC endpoint

Specify the hosted zone ID for your interface endpoint. You can get the value of HostedZoneId using the CLI command describe-vpc-endpoints .

CloudFront distribution

Specify Z2FDTNDATAQYW2 .

Note

Alias resource record sets for CloudFront can’t be created in a private zone.

Elastic Beanstalk environment

Specify the hosted zone ID for the region that you created the environment in. The environment must have a regionalized subdomain. For a list of regions and the corresponding hosted zone IDs, see Elastic Beanstalk endpoints and quotas in the the Amazon Web Services General Reference .

ELB load balancer

Specify the value of the hosted zone ID for the load balancer. Use the following methods to get the hosted zone ID:

  • Elastic Load Balancing endpoints and quotas topic in the Amazon Web Services General Reference : Use the value that corresponds with the region that you created your load balancer in. Note that there are separate columns for Application and Classic Load Balancers and for Network Load Balancers.

  • Amazon Web Services Management Console : Go to the Amazon EC2 page, choose Load Balancers in the navigation pane, select the load balancer, and get the value of the Hosted zone field on the Description tab.

  • Elastic Load Balancing API : Use DescribeLoadBalancers to get the applicable value. For more information, see the applicable guide:

  • CLI : Use describe-load-balancers to get the applicable value. For more information, see the applicable guide:

    Global Accelerator accelerator

Specify Z2BJ6XQ5FK7U4H .

An Amazon S3 bucket configured as a static website

Specify the hosted zone ID for the region that you created the bucket in. For more information about valid values, see the table Amazon S3 Website Endpoints in the Amazon Web Services General Reference .

Another Route 53 resource record set in your hosted zone

Specify the hosted zone ID of your hosted zone. (An alias resource record set can’t reference a resource record set in a different hosted zone.)

DNSName -> (string)

Alias resource record sets only: The value that you specify depends on where you want to route queries:

Amazon API Gateway custom regional APIs and edge-optimized APIs

Specify the applicable domain name for your API. You can get the applicable value using the CLI command get-domain-names :

  • For regional APIs, specify the value of regionalDomainName .

  • For edge-optimized APIs, specify the value of distributionDomainName . This is the name of the associated CloudFront distribution, such as da1b2c3d4e5.cloudfront.net .

Note

The name of the record that you’re creating must match a custom domain name for your API, such as api.example.com .

Amazon Virtual Private Cloud interface VPC endpoint

Enter the API endpoint for the interface endpoint, such as vpce-123456789abcdef01-example-us-east-1a.elasticloadbalancing.us-east-1.vpce.amazonaws.com . For edge-optimized APIs, this is the domain name for the corresponding CloudFront distribution. You can get the value of DnsName using the CLI command describe-vpc-endpoints .

CloudFront distribution

Specify the domain name that CloudFront assigned when you created your distribution.

Your CloudFront distribution must include an alternate domain name that matches the name of the resource record set. For example, if the name of the resource record set is acme.example.com , your CloudFront distribution must include acme.example.com as one of the alternate domain names. For more information, see Using Alternate Domain Names (CNAMEs) in the Amazon CloudFront Developer Guide .

You can’t create a resource record set in a private hosted zone to route traffic to a CloudFront distribution.

Note

For failover alias records, you can’t specify a CloudFront distribution for both the primary and secondary records. A distribution must include an alternate domain name that matches the name of the record. However, the primary and secondary records have the same name, and you can’t include the same alternate domain name in more than one distribution.

Elastic Beanstalk environment

If the domain name for your Elastic Beanstalk environment includes the region that you deployed the environment in, you can create an alias record that routes traffic to the environment. For example, the domain name my-environment.*us-west-2* .elasticbeanstalk.com is a regionalized domain name.

Warning

For environments that were created before early 2016, the domain name doesn’t include the region. To route traffic to these environments, you must create a CNAME record instead of an alias record. Note that you can’t create a CNAME record for the root domain name. For example, if your domain name is example.com, you can create a record that routes traffic for acme.example.com to your Elastic Beanstalk environment, but you can’t create a record that routes traffic for example.com to your Elastic Beanstalk environment.

For Elastic Beanstalk environments that have regionalized subdomains, specify the CNAME attribute for the environment. You can use the following methods to get the value of the CNAME attribute:

  • Amazon Web Services Management Console : For information about how to get the value by using the console, see Using Custom Domains with Elastic Beanstalk in the Elastic Beanstalk Developer Guide .

  • Elastic Beanstalk API : Use the DescribeEnvironments action to get the value of the CNAME attribute. For more information, see DescribeEnvironments in the Elastic Beanstalk API Reference .

  • CLI : Use the describe-environments command to get the value of the CNAME attribute. For more information, see describe-environments in the CLI Command Reference .

    ELB load balancer

Specify the DNS name that is associated with the load balancer. Get the DNS name by using the Amazon Web Services Management Console, the ELB API, or the CLI.

  • Amazon Web Services Management Console : Go to the EC2 page, choose Load Balancers in the navigation pane, choose the load balancer, choose the Description tab, and get the value of the DNS name field. If you’re routing traffic to a Classic Load Balancer, get the value that begins with dualstack . If you’re routing traffic to another type of load balancer, get the value that applies to the record type, A or AAAA.

  • Elastic Load Balancing API : Use DescribeLoadBalancers to get the value of DNSName . For more information, see the applicable guide:

  • CLI : Use describe-load-balancers to get the value of DNSName . For more information, see the applicable guide:

    Global Accelerator accelerator

Specify the DNS name for your accelerator:

Specify the domain name of the Amazon S3 website endpoint that you created the bucket in, for example, s3-website.us-east-2.amazonaws.com . For more information about valid values, see the table Amazon S3 Website Endpoints in the Amazon Web Services General Reference . For more information about using S3 buckets for websites, see Getting Started with Amazon Route 53 in the Amazon Route 53 Developer Guide.

Another Route 53 resource record set

Specify the value of the Name element for a resource record set in the current hosted zone.

Note

If you’re creating an alias record that has the same name as the hosted zone (known as the zone apex), you can’t specify the domain name for a record for which the value of Type is CNAME . This is because the alias record must have the same type as the record that you’re routing traffic to, and creating a CNAME record for the zone apex isn’t supported even for an alias record.

EvaluateTargetHealth -> (boolean)

Applies only to alias, failover alias, geolocation alias, latency alias, and weighted alias resource record sets: When EvaluateTargetHealth is true , an alias resource record set inherits the health of the referenced Amazon Web Services resource, such as an ELB load balancer or another resource record set in the hosted zone.

Note the following:

CloudFront distributions

You can’t set EvaluateTargetHealth to true when the alias target is a CloudFront distribution.

Elastic Beanstalk environments that have regionalized subdomains

If you specify an Elastic Beanstalk environment in DNSName and the environment contains an ELB load balancer, Elastic Load Balancing routes queries only to the healthy Amazon EC2 instances that are registered with the load balancer. (An environment automatically contains an ELB load balancer if it includes more than one Amazon EC2 instance.) If you set EvaluateTargetHealth to true and either no Amazon EC2 instances are healthy or the load balancer itself is unhealthy, Route 53 routes queries to other available resources that are healthy, if any.

If the environment contains a single Amazon EC2 instance, there are no special requirements.

ELB load balancers

Health checking behavior depends on the type of load balancer:

  • Classic Load Balancers : If you specify an ELB Classic Load Balancer in DNSName , Elastic Load Balancing routes queries only to the healthy Amazon EC2 instances that are registered with the load balancer. If you set EvaluateTargetHealth to true and either no EC2 instances are healthy or the load balancer itself is unhealthy, Route 53 routes queries to other resources.

  • Application and Network Load Balancers : If you specify an ELB Application or Network Load Balancer and you set EvaluateTargetHealth to true , Route 53 routes queries to the load balancer based on the health of the target groups that are associated with the load balancer:

    • For an Application or Network Load Balancer to be considered healthy, every target group that contains targets must contain at least one healthy target. If any target group contains only unhealthy targets, the load balancer is considered unhealthy, and Route 53 routes queries to other resources.

    • A target group that has no registered targets is considered unhealthy.

Note

When you create a load balancer, you configure settings for Elastic Load Balancing health checks; they’re not Route 53 health checks, but they perform a similar function. Do not create Route 53 health checks for the EC2 instances that you register with an ELB load balancer.

S3 buckets

There are no special requirements for setting EvaluateTargetHealth to true when the alias target is an S3 bucket.

Other records in the same hosted zone

If the Amazon Web Services resource that you specify in DNSName is a record or a group of records (for example, a group of weighted records) but is not another alias record, we recommend that you associate a health check with all of the records in the alias target. For more information, see What Happens When You Omit Health Checks? in the Amazon Route 53 Developer Guide .

For more information and examples, see Amazon Route 53 Health Checks and DNS Failover in the Amazon Route 53 Developer Guide .

HealthCheckId -> (string)

If you want Amazon Route 53 to return this resource record set in response to a DNS query only when the status of a health check is healthy, include the HealthCheckId element and specify the ID of the applicable health check.

Route 53 determines whether a resource record set is healthy based on one of the following:

  • By periodically sending a request to the endpoint that is specified in the health check

  • By aggregating the status of a specified group of health checks (calculated health checks)

  • By determining the current state of a CloudWatch alarm (CloudWatch metric health checks)

Warning

Route 53 doesn’t check the health of the endpoint that is specified in the resource record set, for example, the endpoint specified by the IP address in the Value element. When you add a HealthCheckId element to a resource record set, Route 53 checks the health of the endpoint that you specified in the health check.

For more information, see the following topics in the Amazon Route 53 Developer Guide :

When to Specify HealthCheckId

Specifying a value for HealthCheckId is useful only when Route 53 is choosing between two or more resource record sets to respond to a DNS query, and you want Route 53 to base the choice in part on the status of a health check. Configuring health checks makes sense only in the following configurations:

  • Non-alias resource record sets : You’re checking the health of a group of non-alias resource record sets that have the same routing policy, name, and type (such as multiple weighted records named www.example.com with a type of A) and you specify health check IDs for all the resource record sets. If the health check status for a resource record set is healthy, Route 53 includes the record among the records that it responds to DNS queries with. If the health check status for a resource record set is unhealthy, Route 53 stops responding to DNS queries using the value for that resource record set. If the health check status for all resource record sets in the group is unhealthy, Route 53 considers all resource record sets in the group healthy and responds to DNS queries accordingly.

  • Alias resource record sets : You specify the following settings:

    • You set EvaluateTargetHealth to true for an alias resource record set in a group of resource record sets that have the same routing policy, name, and type (such as multiple weighted records named www.example.com with a type of A).

    • You configure the alias resource record set to route traffic to a non-alias resource record set in the same hosted zone.

    • You specify a health check ID for the non-alias resource record set.

If the health check status is healthy, Route 53 considers the alias resource record set to be healthy and includes the alias record among the records that it responds to DNS queries with.

If the health check status is unhealthy, Route 53 stops responding to DNS queries using the alias resource record set.

Note

The alias resource record set can also route traffic to a group of non-alias resource record sets that have the same routing policy, name, and type. In that configuration, associate health checks with all of the resource record sets in the group of non-alias resource record sets.

Geolocation Routing

For geolocation resource record sets, if an endpoint is unhealthy, Route 53 looks for a resource record set for the larger, associated geographic region. For example, suppose you have resource record sets for a state in the United States, for the entire United States, for North America, and a resource record set that has * for CountryCode is * , which applies to all locations. If the endpoint for the state resource record set is unhealthy, Route 53 checks for healthy resource record sets in the following order until it finds a resource record set for which the endpoint is healthy:

  • The United States

  • North America

  • The default resource record set

Specifying the Health Check Endpoint by Domain Name

If your health checks specify the endpoint only by domain name, we recommend that you create a separate health check for each endpoint. For example, create a health check for each HTTP server that is serving content for www.example.com . For the value of FullyQualifiedDomainName , specify the domain name of the server (such as us-east-2-www.example.com ), not the name of the resource record sets (www.example.com ).

Warning

Health check results will be unpredictable if you do the following:

  • Create a health check that has the same value for FullyQualifiedDomainName as the name of a resource record set.

  • Associate that health check with the resource record set.

TrafficPolicyInstanceId -> (string)

When you create a traffic policy instance, Amazon Route 53 automatically creates a resource record set. TrafficPolicyInstanceId is the ID of the traffic policy instance that Route 53 created this resource record set for.

Warning

To delete the resource record set that is associated with a traffic policy instance, use DeleteTrafficPolicyInstance . Route 53 will delete the resource record set automatically. If you delete the resource record set by using ChangeResourceRecordSets , Route 53 doesn’t automatically delete the traffic policy instance, and you’ll continue to be charged for it even though it’s no longer in use.

JSON Syntax:

{
  "Comment": "string",
  "Changes": [
    {
      "Action": "CREATE"|"DELETE"|"UPSERT",
      "ResourceRecordSet": {
        "Name": "string",
        "Type": "SOA"|"A"|"TXT"|"NS"|"CNAME"|"MX"|"NAPTR"|"PTR"|"SRV"|"SPF"|"AAAA"|"CAA"|"DS",
        "SetIdentifier": "string",
        "Weight": long,
        "Region": "us-east-1"|"us-east-2"|"us-west-1"|"us-west-2"|"ca-central-1"|"eu-west-1"|"eu-west-2"|"eu-west-3"|"eu-central-1"|"ap-southeast-1"|"ap-southeast-2"|"ap-southeast-3"|"ap-northeast-1"|"ap-northeast-2"|"ap-northeast-3"|"eu-north-1"|"sa-east-1"|"cn-north-1"|"cn-northwest-1"|"ap-east-1"|"me-south-1"|"ap-south-1"|"af-south-1"|"eu-south-1",
        "GeoLocation": {
          "ContinentCode": "string",
          "CountryCode": "string",
          "SubdivisionCode": "string"
        },
        "Failover": "PRIMARY"|"SECONDARY",
        "MultiValueAnswer": true|false,
        "TTL": long,
        "ResourceRecords": [
          {
            "Value": "string"
          }
          ...
        ],
        "AliasTarget": {
          "HostedZoneId": "string",
          "DNSName": "string",
          "EvaluateTargetHealth": true|false
        },
        "HealthCheckId": "string",
        "TrafficPolicyInstanceId": "string"
      }
    }
    ...
  ]
}

--cli-input-json | --cli-input-yaml (string) Reads arguments from the JSON string provided. The JSON string follows the format provided by --generate-cli-skeleton. If other arguments are provided on the command line, those values will override the JSON-provided values. It is not possible to pass arbitrary binary values using a JSON-provided value as the string will be taken literally. This may not be specified along with --cli-input-yaml.

--generate-cli-skeleton (string) Prints a JSON skeleton to standard output without sending an API request. If provided with no value or the value input, prints a sample input JSON that can be used as an argument for --cli-input-json. Similarly, if provided yaml-input it will print a sample input YAML that can be used with --cli-input-yaml. If provided with the value output, it validates the command inputs and returns a sample output JSON for that command.

See ‘aws help’ for descriptions of global parameters.

Examples

To create, update, or delete a resource record set

The following change-resource-record-sets command creates a resource record set using the hosted-zone-id Z1R8UBAEXAMPLE and the JSON-formatted configuration in the file C:\awscli\route53\change-resource-record-sets.json:

aws route53 change-resource-record-sets --hosted-zone-id Z1R8UBAEXAMPLE --change-batch file://C:\awscli\route53\change-resource-record-sets.json

For more information, see POST ChangeResourceRecordSets in the Amazon Route 53 API Reference.

The configuration in the JSON file depends on the kind of resource record set you want to create:

  • Basic

  • Weighted

  • Alias

  • Weighted Alias

  • Latency

  • Latency Alias

  • Failover

  • Failover Alias

Basic Syntax:

{
  "Comment": "optional comment about the changes in this change batch request",
  "Changes": [
    {
      "Action": "CREATE"|"DELETE"|"UPSERT",
      "ResourceRecordSet": {
        "Name": "DNS domain name",
        "Type": "SOA"|"A"|"TXT"|"NS"|"CNAME"|"MX"|"PTR"|"SRV"|"SPF"|"AAAA",
        "TTL": time to live in seconds,
        "ResourceRecords": [
          {
            "Value": "applicable value for the record type"
          },
          {...}
        ]
      }
    },
    {...}
  ]
}

Weighted Syntax:

{
  "Comment": "optional comment about the changes in this change batch request",
  "Changes": [
    {
      "Action": "CREATE"|"DELETE"|"UPSERT",
      "ResourceRecordSet": {
        "Name": "DNS domain name",
        "Type": "SOA"|"A"|"TXT"|"NS"|"CNAME"|"MX"|"PTR"|"SRV"|"SPF"|"AAAA",
        "SetIdentifier": "unique description for this resource record set",
        "Weight": value between 0 and 255,
        "TTL": time to live in seconds,
        "ResourceRecords": [
          {
            "Value": "applicable value for the record type"
          },
          {...}
        ],
        "HealthCheckId": "optional ID of an Amazon Route 53 health check"
      }
    },
    {...}
  ]
}

Alias Syntax:

{
  "Comment": "optional comment about the changes in this change batch request",
  "Changes": [
    {
      "Action": "CREATE"|"DELETE"|"UPSERT",
      "ResourceRecordSet": {
        "Name": "DNS domain name",
        "Type": "SOA"|"A"|"TXT"|"NS"|"CNAME"|"MX"|"PTR"|"SRV"|"SPF"|"AAAA",
        "AliasTarget": {
          "HostedZoneId": "hosted zone ID for your CloudFront distribution, Amazon S3 bucket, Elastic Load Balancing load balancer, or Amazon Route 53 hosted zone",
          "DNSName": "DNS domain name for your CloudFront distribution, Amazon S3 bucket, Elastic Load Balancing load balancer, or another resource record set in this hosted zone",
          "EvaluateTargetHealth": true|false
        },
        "HealthCheckId": "optional ID of an Amazon Route 53 health check"
      }
    },
    {...}
  ]
}

Weighted Alias Syntax:

{
  "Comment": "optional comment about the changes in this change batch request",
  "Changes": [
    {
      "Action": "CREATE"|"DELETE"|"UPSERT",
      "ResourceRecordSet": {
        "Name": "DNS domain name",
        "Type": "SOA"|"A"|"TXT"|"NS"|"CNAME"|"MX"|"PTR"|"SRV"|"SPF"|"AAAA",
        "SetIdentifier": "unique description for this resource record set",
        "Weight": value between 0 and 255,
        "AliasTarget": {
          "HostedZoneId": "hosted zone ID for your CloudFront distribution, Amazon S3 bucket, Elastic Load Balancing load balancer, or Amazon Route 53 hosted zone",
          "DNSName": "DNS domain name for your CloudFront distribution, Amazon S3 bucket, Elastic Load Balancing load balancer, or another resource record set in this hosted zone",
          "EvaluateTargetHealth": true|false
        },
        "HealthCheckId": "optional ID of an Amazon Route 53 health check"
      }
    },
    {...}
  ]
}

Latency Syntax:

{
  "Comment": "optional comment about the changes in this change batch request",
  "Changes": [
    {
      "Action": "CREATE"|"DELETE"|"UPSERT",
      "ResourceRecordSet": {
        "Name": "DNS domain name",
        "Type": "SOA"|"A"|"TXT"|"NS"|"CNAME"|"MX"|"PTR"|"SRV"|"SPF"|"AAAA",
        "SetIdentifier": "unique description for this resource record set",
        "Region": "Amazon EC2 region name",
        "TTL": time to live in seconds,
        "ResourceRecords": [
          {
            "Value": "applicable value for the record type"
          },
          {...}
        ],
        "HealthCheckId": "optional ID of an Amazon Route 53 health check"
      }
    },
    {...}
  ]
}

Latency Alias Syntax:

{
  "Comment": "optional comment about the changes in this change batch request",
  "Changes": [
    {
      "Action": "CREATE"|"DELETE"|"UPSERT",
      "ResourceRecordSet": {
        "Name": "DNS domain name",
        "Type": "SOA"|"A"|"TXT"|"NS"|"CNAME"|"MX"|"PTR"|"SRV"|"SPF"|"AAAA",
        "SetIdentifier": "unique description for this resource record set",
        "Region": "Amazon EC2 region name",
        "AliasTarget": {
          "HostedZoneId": "hosted zone ID for your CloudFront distribution, Amazon S3 bucket, Elastic Load Balancing load balancer, or Amazon Route 53 hosted zone",
          "DNSName": "DNS domain name for your CloudFront distribution, Amazon S3 bucket, Elastic Load Balancing load balancer, or another resource record set in this hosted zone",
          "EvaluateTargetHealth": true|false
        },
        "HealthCheckId": "optional ID of an Amazon Route 53 health check"
      }
    },
    {...}
  ]
}

Failover Syntax:

{
  "Comment": "optional comment about the changes in this change batch request",
  "Changes": [
    {
      "Action": "CREATE"|"DELETE"|"UPSERT",
      "ResourceRecordSet": {
        "Name": "DNS domain name",
        "Type": "SOA"|"A"|"TXT"|"NS"|"CNAME"|"MX"|"PTR"|"SRV"|"SPF"|"AAAA",
        "SetIdentifier": "unique description for this resource record set",
        "Failover": "PRIMARY" | "SECONDARY",
        "TTL": time to live in seconds,
        "ResourceRecords": [
          {
            "Value": "applicable value for the record type"
          },
          {...}
        ],
        "HealthCheckId": "ID of an Amazon Route 53 health check"
      }
    },
    {...}
  ]
}

Failover Alias Syntax:

{
  "Comment": "optional comment about the changes in this change batch request",
  "Changes": [
    {
      "Action": "CREATE"|"DELETE"|"UPSERT",
      "ResourceRecordSet": {
        "Name": "DNS domain name",
        "Type": "SOA"|"A"|"TXT"|"NS"|"CNAME"|"MX"|"PTR"|"SRV"|"SPF"|"AAAA",
        "SetIdentifier": "unique description for this resource record set",
        "Failover": "PRIMARY" | "SECONDARY",
        "AliasTarget": {
          "HostedZoneId": "hosted zone ID for your CloudFront distribution, Amazon S3 bucket, Elastic Load Balancing load balancer, or Amazon Route 53 hosted zone",
          "DNSName": "DNS domain name for your CloudFront distribution, Amazon S3 bucket, Elastic Load Balancing load balancer, or another resource record set in this hosted zone",
          "EvaluateTargetHealth": true|false
        },
        "HealthCheckId": "optional ID of an Amazon Route 53 health check"
      }
    },
    {...}
  ]
}

Output

ChangeInfo -> (structure)

A complex type that contains information about changes made to your hosted zone.

This element contains an ID that you use when performing a GetChange action to get detailed information about the change.

Id -> (string)

This element contains an ID that you use when performing a GetChange action to get detailed information about the change.

Status -> (string)

The current state of the request. PENDING indicates that this request has not yet been applied to all Amazon Route 53 DNS servers.

SubmittedAt -> (timestamp)

The date and time that the change request was submitted in ISO 8601 format and Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). For example, the value 2017-03-27T17:48:16.751Z represents March 27, 2017 at 17:48:16.751 UTC.

Comment -> (string)

A comment you can provide.

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